Secondary Storage



File Compression

-> It is commonly used when sending a file from one computer to one another over a connection that has limited bandwidth. The compression is basically makes the files become smaller and therefore the sending of a file is usually fast and more better.

                                                

Head Crash

-> It is a hard disk failure that occurs when a read-write head of a hard disk drive comes in contact with its rotating plater, resulting in permanent and usually caused until fatal damage to the magnetic media to the platter surface.

Internet Hard Drive

-> Internet hard drive is about creating a new solution to the issue of data storage. The sole purpose of this is to offer a means of accessing your computer files from any computer. As long as your computer is access to Internet.



Internet hard drive

Optical Disk Drive

-> It is a disk that uses laser lights or electromagnetics waves near the light spectrum as part of the process

of reading and writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read from discs, but recent drives are commonly for readers adn recorders.

CD-ROM drive.



Solid-State storage

-> It is a method of data storage accomplished by using integrated circuit devices to store data rather than moving magnetic or optical media. SSS is typically non-volatile and may take various forms, such as solid state drive, solid state card or solid state module. In addition, SSS includes PATA(legacy), SATA, SAS, fibre channel, or PCIe interface options.

Solid state storage



Input and Output

                         

Ergonomic Keyboard


-> It is a computer keyboard that designed with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain and a host of related problems.

Ink - Jet printer

-> It is a type of computer printer that creates a digital image by propelling variable-sized droplets of ink onto paper. This is are the most commonly used type of printer.

.                      Epson Inkjet Printer                                         Canon BJ-10V lite Inkjet Printer with scale

Laser Printer

-> It is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces a high quality text and graphics on plain paper.

Magnetic - Ink character reader (MIRC)

-> It is a character recognizition technology used primarily by the banking industry to faciliate the processing of the cheques. This technology allows computer to read information off of printed document. Unlike barcodes or similar technologies. However, MICR codes can be easily read by humans.

Optical - character recognition (OCR)

-> It is the mechanical or electronic translation of scaneed images of handwritten, typewritten, or printed text into machine-encoded text. It is widely used to convert books and documents into electronic files. to computerize a record keeping system in office or to publish the text to website. 



Optical - mark recognition (OMR)


-> it is the process of capturing human - marked data from document forms such as surveys and tests. It usually used to university life and business life         

                                             . 

Plain paper that usuallty used for
college student

 

OMR test paper with recognition marks





The System Unit.

Flash Memory 

-> Flash memory is a non-volatile computer storage chip that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives, MP3 players and solid-state drives for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other digital products. 

Graphics Cards

-> A graphic card (also video card) is a piece of hardware installed in computer that is responsible for rendering the image on the computer’s monitor or display screen. Other modern high performance video cards are used for more graphically demanding purposes, such as PC games.

Sound Cards

-> A sound card (also known as an audio card) is a computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education, and entertainment (games).

Network Interface Card (NIC)

-> A sound card (also known as an audio card) is a computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education, and entertainment (games).

Plug and Play

-> Plug and Play is a term used to describe the characteristic of a universal serial bus, or device specification, which facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system, without the need for physical device configuration, or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.

Bus Lines

-> they are the communicating electronic lines that connect different parts of the CPU to various other parts. In addition, the bus lines also link the CPU to different parts on the system board of your computer. The data flows in the form of bits along the bus lines.

HDMI ( High Definition Multimedia Interface )

-> is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. It is a digital alternative to consumer analog standards, such as radio frequency (RF) coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video, D-Terminal, or VGA.

Cache Memory

-> It is extremely fast memory that is built into a computer’s central processing unit (CPU), or located next to it on a separate chip. The CPU uses cache memory to store instructions that are repeatedly required to run programs, improving overall system speed.